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Quantitative trait loci for soybean seed yield in elite and plant introduction germplasm

机译：大豆优良种质和植物导入种质的数量性状基因座

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Genetic improvement for yield in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] has been accomplished by breeding within a narrow elite gene pool. Plant introductions (PIs) may be useful for obtaining additional increases in yield if unique and desirable alleles at quantitative trait loci (QTL) can be identified. The objectives of the study were to identify QTL for yield in elite and PI germplasm and to determine if the PIs possessed favorable alleles for yield. Allele frequencies were measured with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in three populations that differed in their percentage of PI parentage. AP10 had 40 PI parents, AP12 had 40 PI and 40 elite parents, and AP14 had 40 elite parents. Four cycles of recurrent selection for yield had been conducted in the three populations. Nei\u27s genetic distance indicated that AP10, AP12, and AP14 remained distinct through cycle 4 (C4), but that the genetic diversity narrowed within each population. Less gametic phase disequilibrium (GPD) was observed in the parents used to form the cycle 0 (CO) populations than in C4 of AP12 and AP14. Allele frequencies of the highest-yielding C4 lines in the three populations were compared with the parents used to form the populations of the initial cycles. Allele flow was simulated to account for genetic drift. Ninety-two SSRs were associated with 56 yield QTL. Nine of the QTL had been identified in previous research. Thirty-three favorable marker alleles were unique to the PI parents. The restriction of alleles from the 40 CO parents to the 20 cycle 1 (C1) parents of AP 10 was reflected in the number of alleles that had frequency changes and could explain the reduced genetic variance for yield in the C4 of AP10. Genetic asymmetry may account for the different genetic gain for yield that had been observed between AP10 and AP14.
机译：大豆[Glycine max（L.）Merrill]的产量遗传改良已通过在狭窄的精英基因库中进行育种而实现。如果可以鉴定出数量性状基因座（QTL）上独特且理想的等位基因，则植物引种（PI）可能有助于获得额外的增产。该研究的目的是鉴定优质和PI种质产量的QTL，并确定PI是否具有有利的产量等位基因。用简单序列重复（SSR）标记在三个PI亲本百分比不同的人群中测量等位基因频率。 AP10有40个PI父母，AP12有40个PI和40个精英父母，AP14有40个精英父母。在三个种群中进行了四个循环的产量轮回选择。 Nei的遗传距离表明，在第4周期（C4），AP10，AP12和AP14保持不同，但每个种群的遗传多样性均变窄。与AP12和AP14的C4相比，用于形成0周期（CO）种群的亲本中观察到的配子期不平衡（GPD）更少。将三个种群中产量最高的C4系的等位基因频率与用于形成初始周期种群的亲本进行比较。模拟等位基因流动以解释遗传漂移。 92个SSR与56个产量QTL相关。在先前的研究中已经确定了九个QTL。 PI亲本有33个有利的标记等位基因。从AP 10的40个CO亲本到20个循环1（C1）亲本等位基因的限制反映在具有频率变化的等位基因数量上，这可以解释AP10 C4产量的遗传变异性降低。遗传不对称可能解释了在AP10和AP14之间观察到的不同的产量遗传增益。

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    Smalley, Matthew David;

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  • 年度 2002
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